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What is Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) CNG is short for Compressed Natural Gas. It is made by compressing natural gas into hard containers at pressure between 200 to 250 bar, usually in cylindrical shaped containers.
The natural gas is compressed into these high pressure containers called Jumbo tubes at the compression station, and is transported by road to supply gas at remote locations where there is no piped gas.
Advantages of CNG Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) is a fossil fuel substitute for petrol and diesel. It is a more environmentally clean alternative to fossil fuels , and is much safer than other fuels in the event of a spill (natural gas is lighter than air, and disperses quickly when released). It has the following advantages. Green Fuel · Natural gas is the cleanest burning alternative fuel · Contains less carbon than any fossil fuel and thus produces less carbon dioxide emissions · Diesel exhaust is viewed as a hazardous air pollutant · 70% lower carbon monoxide emission · Enduring solution to the pressing problem of air pollution, ocean and groundwater contamination Safety · Natural gas has a high ignition temperature, about 650 degree C, compared to about 350 degree C for gasoline. · Narrow range of flammability; i.e. concentration in the air below 5% and above15%, natural gas will not burn · The high ignition temperature and limited flammability range make accidental ignition of natural gas unlikely · Not toxic or corrosive and will not contaminate ground water Cost Saving · Natural gas cost less than diesel · Fuel theft is an ongoing concern and natural gas cannot be siphoned
Why Use Natural Gas Natural gas has been considered as the most promising alternative fuel for its cleanliness and abundance. With the growing concern for environment in general and air quality in particular, there is a global awareness and drive for the use of natural gas.
CNG Developments Worldwide, there were 11.2 million natural gas vehicles as at 2009.
The Government of India had entrusted GAIL (India) Ltd, a leading public undertaking natural gas transmission & distribution company, the job of implementation of CNG as alternative fuel for vehicles. GAIL conducted a pilot program in early 1993 in 3 cities namely Delhi, Mumbai and Baroda to understand the technology and to provide the framework for a commercial program.
After successful implementation of the pilot program, the Apex Court of India has identified 9 cities for implementation of CNG program. Presently there are around 1 million CNG vehicles in India.
How CNG is being used in Power Generation CNG is used to fire gas generators and bi-fuel generators for the generation of power. Bi-fuel operation means the engine uses two fuels (gas and diesel) at the same time, where natural gas is intended as the main fuel.
CNG Implementation by MBH Power Ltd MBH Power has successfully installed and implemented a CNG Mother Station facility in Ikorodu, Lagos, Nigeria.
The CNG Facility comprises the following equipment:
At Ikorodu · Mother Station (Compression Facility) · Trailer fill post for filling high pressure cylinders (Jumbo tubes) · Natural gas vehicle refueling dispenser · Storage cascades
At Lekki, Lagos, Nigeria · CNG discharge facility (Daughter Station) · Pressure Reduction Station · We have converted a diesel generator into Bi-fuel, which now uses natural gas as it main fuel to generate power for the plant Insignia Print Technology Enterprise.
How is MBH doing it? We have our gas source at Ikorodu. The natural gas is compressed to 200 bars into Jumbo tubes which has a carrying capacity of 4,500 SCM. The Jumbo tubes of CNG are then transported on road to our customer Insignia, Lekki, using 40 feet trailers.
The CNG is decompressed from 200 bar to 2 bar at the pressure reduction station in our customer location. The gas at 2 bar is fed to the engine that generates power for the manufacturing plant.
Typical Composition of Natural Gas
Methane : 88% Ethane : 5% Carbon dioxide : 5% Propane : 1% Others : 1% Total : 100%
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